How Charles Njonjo Made Moi President Even After He Turned Down The Presidency

 Daniel arap Moi unexpectedly rose to power after Jomo Kenyatta, leading Kenya for an unprecedented 24 years. His tenure was fraught with greater challenges than his predecessor's, yet his political journey offers fascinating insights. Moi’s story is one of resilience, hardship, and eventual dominance in Kenya’s political landscape.

Political Turmoil Before Moi

Moi’s rise to power was indirectly linked to the political shifts following Oginga Odinga’s forced resignation as vice president due to political pressure masterminded by Tom Mboya. After Odinga’s exit, Jomo Kenyatta appointed Joseph Murumbi as vice president. Murumbi, an enigmatic and idealistic figure, resigned abruptly in 1966 after just 15 months in office.

Murumbi’s disillusionment stemmed from the corruption and betrayal he witnessed in Kenyatta’s administration. Particularly, the assassination of his close friend, Pio Gama Pinto, by operatives tied to the government was a breaking point. Murumbi’s idealism clashed with the selfish, power-hungry ambitions of the leadership surrounding Kenyatta, ultimately leading to his resignation.

Moi’s Appointment as Vice President

Moi’s appointment as vice president in late 1966 came under unique circumstances. Attorney General Charles Njonjo, traveling with Kenyatta, suggested several names for the position, all of which were dismissed by the president. When Njonjo mentioned Moi, Kenyatta paused, deliberated, and approved him. Moi's non-threatening demeanor and ability to manage tensions in the Rift Valley made him an ideal choice for Kenyatta, who sought loyalty rather than ambition in his deputy.

However, Moi's time as vice president was fraught with humiliation and challenges. Members of Kenyatta’s inner circle, often referred to as the “Kiambu Mafia,” harassed him relentlessly. Moi faced disrespect, was undermined during foreign delegations, and endured personal indignities, such as a humiliating body search conducted by a police officer allied to Kenyatta’s inner circle. Despite these challenges, Moi persevered, driven partly by fear that resigning could lead to his disappearance or death.

Moi’s Rise to the Presidency

When Kenyatta died in August 1978, Moi was constitutionally mandated to take over as interim president for 90 days until elections were held. Despite initial reluctance, Moi was assured of support by Njonjo and other allies. Meanwhile, the Kiambu Mafia underestimated Moi, viewing him as a weak placeholder who posed no threat to their long-term ambitions.

During Kenyatta’s funeral and the transitional period, tensions ran high. Some powerful figures had allegedly plotted against Moi ascending to the presidency. However, Moi’s unexpected maneuverability and the strategic support of Njonjo ensured his survival. In a dramatic turn, Moi had to evade roadblocks set up by adversaries and travel to Nairobi in the boot of an old car to secure his position.

Consolidation of Power

Moi’s initial presidency was marked by humility and forgiveness, even toward those who had humiliated him. Yet, as he settled into office, the immense power of the presidency began to transform him. Analysts often divide Moi’s tenure into two distinct phases: the early years of idealism and reform, and later years characterized by authoritarian rule.

During his first cabinet meeting, Moi faced the very individuals who had conspired against him just days prior. Overwhelmed but determined, he chaired the meeting with the support of Njonjo. His initial approach sought unity and healing, but as time passed, Moi adopted more ruthless tactics to secure his rule, cementing his legacy as one of Kenya’s most enduring and controversial leaders.

Conclusion

Moi’s rise from a humiliated vice president to Kenya’s second president is a testament to his resilience and adaptability. Initially underestimated, he not only survived but outmaneuvered powerful adversaries to lead the nation. However, the challenges and betrayals he faced early in his political career would later shape a presidency defined by both progress and repression.